kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukutshiswa komququ kukhupha isixa esikhulu songcoliseko lomoya olufana nesalfure dioxide, i-nitric diokside, kunye nesuntswana eliphefumlelweyo ukwenza mandundu inkungu yasezidolophini. Ukutshisa i-straw kunqatshelwe kwenye yengqwalasela yomsebenzi wokukhusela indalo kwiminyaka yamuva. Njengomnye umoni, ukukhutshwa komoya womsila womenzi wenkungu nako kwatyhalelwa kwi-cusp. Ukujongana nongcoliseko oluziswa zizithuthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphucula umgangatho we-oyile.
Ingxelo ye "Anhui Ecological Civilization Construction Development" ekhutshwe kutshanje ibonisa ukuba iingxaki kunye neemeko ezijongene nokuthintela ukungcola komoya kunye nokulawula ngexesha "Isicwangciso seminyaka yeshumi elinesithathu" yayinzima. Iingcali ezifanelekileyo zathi iPhondo lase-Anhui lelona phondo lokuqala kwilizwe lam ukukhuthaza ipetroli ye-ethanol kwaye iphumelele amava ayimpumelelo. Kufuneka kuthathe oku njengesiqalo sokwandisa iinzame zokukhuthaza i-ethanol petroli ngayo yonke indlela ukunciphisa ngempumelelo inkungu.
Ukunyuswa kwepetroli yemoto yepetroli yemoto kuphambili kweli lizwe
Yongeza ipesenti ethile ye-ethanol yamafutha (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-alcohol) kwipetroli eqhelekileyo, kwaye wenze i-ethanol yemoto yepetroli. Ngokwemigangatho kazwelonke, i-ethanol petroli idityaniswe ne-90% yepetroli eqhelekileyo kunye ne-10% ye-ethanol yamafutha. Ukusebenzisa le petroli yemoto, imoto ayifuni ukutshintsha injini.
Ukongezwa kwe-ethanol ye-fuel kuye kwandise umxholo we-oksijini kwi-petroli, okwenza i-petroli itshise ngokupheleleyo, kwaye yanciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-hydrocarbon compounds, i-carbon dioxide, i-carbon dioxide, i-PM2.5; Kunzima ukuthoba isidima seMTBE. Xa abantu bevezwa kugxininiso oluphezulu lwe-MTBE, kuya kubangela ukunyanyeka, ukuhlanza, isiyezi kunye nokunye ukungahambi kakuhle; ngelo xesha, umxholo we-aromatics kwi-petroli uyancitshiswa, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwe-PM2.5 yesibini kungancitshiswa.
“Uphuhliso lwe-ethanol endaweni yepetroli alukwazi nje ukonga amandla kuphela, kodwa lukwanciphisa nerhasi eyingozi ekhutshwa yimoto. Ngumbandela omtsha olungele ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nemithombo yobutyebi.” U-Qiao Yingbin wabonisa ukuba ilizwe lam liye laba lilizwe elikhulu elithumela ioli kumazwe angaphandle. Ichatshazelwa yimithombo yobutyebi, ukuchasana phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno ye-oyile ekrwada kuya kuphawuleka ngakumbi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-petroli yemoto yezithuthi inceda ekunciphiseni ukuphikisana phakathi kokunqongophala kwepetroleum, kwaye kwelinye icala, ikulungele ukuphucula imeko-bume ye-atmospheric. I-Elite ye-ethanol inokunciphisa ungcoliseko lwegesi yemoto nge-1/3, ngelixa uphepha ukungcoliseka kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba.
Inani elikhulu lophononongo lufumene ukuba, xa kuthelekiswa nepetroli eqhelekileyo, i-ethanol petroli inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-PM2.5 ngaphezulu kwe-40%. Phakathi kwabo, ukuxinwa kwee-hydrocarbon compounds (CH) kwi-exhaust yemoto kwawa ngama-42.7%, kunye ne-carbon monoxide (CO) yehla nge-34.8%.
Iphondo lethu livalwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 ukusukela ngomhla woku-1 kuTshazimpuzi ka-2005, nto leyo eye yazisa iziphumo ezicace gca kugcino lwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kokukhutshwa kombane ukususela ekusetyenzisweni kwepetroli ye-ethanol. Ukusukela ngo-2015, iphondo lisebenzise i-2.38 yezigidi zeetoni ze-ethanol yamafutha, i-23.8 yezigidi zeetoni zepetroli ye-ethanol kwizithuthi, kunye ne-7.88 yezigidi zeetoni zokukhutshwa kwekharbon dayokhsayidi. Phakathi kwabo, malunga neetoni ze-330,000 ze-ethanol yamafutha zisetyenziswe kwi-2015 ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni nge-1.09 yezigidi zeetoni. Ukukhuthaza ipetroli yeemoto, iphondo lethu lihambe phambili kweli lizwe.
Ngokweenkcukacha eziphuma kwiSebe lePhondo loLawulo lwezoThutho lwezoThutho, ekupheleni kuka-2015, ubunini bezithuthi beli phondo bebumalunga ne-11 yezigidi zezithuthi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ye-ethanol bekulingana nokucutha umbhobho okhutshwa ziimoto ezimalunga ne-4.6 yezigidi zeemoto, nto leyo ethe yabangela ukuba kubekho iimoto ezikhutshwayo. ayinciphisanga nje inkungu yasezidolophini, kodwa yanciphisa ngempumelelo iigesi ze-Emperor greenhouse gases. Ukusukela ngo-2015, iphondo lethu lithathele ingqalelo “ukunciphisa ngokuqhubekayo i-PM10 kunye nokuzama ukunciphisa imozulu yenkungu” njengemfuneko ekhethekileyo yokuthintela ukungcoliseka komoya.
Ukutya okuziinkozo kwesisu kukhuthaza ukusetyenzwa nzulu kombona
Ukuze kwetyiswe ukutya okuziinkozo okugugayo, ilizwe lam langena kwelona nqanaba lonyuselo lwepetroli ye-ethanol ngo-2002. Iphondo lethu lelinye lamaphondo avelisa i-ethanol yamafutha kwangethuba, kwaye likwaliphondo lokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ye-ethanol kweli lizwe. Okwangoku, ukucutshungulwa okunzulu kombona kuphambili kweli lizwe, kwaye kuye kwaqulunqa ukuthengwa kombona okupheleleyo, ukulungiswa, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-ethanol yamafutha, kunye nekhonkco lemizi-mveliso elivaliweyo kwaye likhuthazwa kwiphondo. Isixa sisonke sombona oveliswa kweli phondo unokusetyenzwa kweli phondo. I-fuel ethanol ephuma ngoku yi-560,000 yeetoni, ukusetyenziswa kwephondo kwi-330,000 yeetoni, kwaye i-petroli ye-ethanol edibeneyo ingaphezulu kwe-3.3 yezigidi zeetoni. Izinga leshishini liphakathi kwezona ndawo ziphambili zelizwe. Ikwabonelela ngesiphelo esizinzileyo sabathengi sokugaywa kombona wendawo.
Kumxholo wamanyathelo amaninzi acacileyo elizwe lokugaya ukutya kunye nokuxhasa ngamandla umgaqo-nkqubo onzulu wokusetyenzwa kweemveliso zezolimo, ukusetyenziswa kwesiseko sophuhliso loshishino lwe-ethanol yamafutha iminyaka emininzi kwiPhondo lase-Anhui, kunye nophuhliso oluphakathi lwamafutha. I-ethanol yenye yeendlela zokusombulula le ngxaki.
Umbona sesinye sezityalo eziziinkozo eziphambili ezilinywa kumafama akumantla eAnhui kwiphondo lethu. Indawo yokutyala ikwindawo yesibini emva kwengqolowa. Ukusukela ngo-2005, imveliso yombona yeli phondo iye yanyuka unyaka nonyaka. Incwadi yonyaka yamanani yaseTshayina ibonisa ukuba ukususela kwi-2.35 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2005 ukuya kwi-4.65 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2014, ulwando oluphantse luphindeke kabini. Nangona kunjalo, ngokumalunga nokuqokelela okuziinkozo kunye nokugcinwa, ukugcinwa okuphezulu kugcwele ukugcinwa, kwaye uxinzelelo lwezemali lukhulu. Ezinye iingcali zahlalutya ukuba kukho ngaphezu kwe-280 yezigidi zeetoni ze-inventory yelizwe lombona, kwaye ixabiso loluhlu lonyaka ngetoni nganye yombona imalunga ne-252 yuan, ebandakanya iindleko zokufumana, iindleko zokugcina, inkxaso-mali yenzala, engaquki ukuthutha, ukwakhiwa umthamo wendawo yokugcina impahla, njl.njl ixabiso. Ngale ndlela, iindleko ze-inventory yombona ukuba unyaka-mali kufuneka uhlawulwe unyaka uya kudlula i-yuan ye-65.5 yeebhiliyoni. Kuya kubonakala ukuba umbona "ukulungiswa" kungxamisekile.
Uluhlu oluphezulu lwempahla kwakhona luzise ukuhla kwamaxabiso ombona. Ngokwengxelo yeveki nganye yeenkozo kunye ne-oyile yokujonga ixabiso lengqolowa, ixabiso lesibini kwi-wholesale yombona ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 2016 laliyi-94.5 yuan/50 kg, kwaye ngoMeyi 8, liye lehla laya kutsho kwi-82 yuan/50 kg. Phakathi kuJuni, u-Li Yong, intloko ye-Huaihe Grain Industry Unite kwiSithili saseLaqiao, kwisiXeko saseSuzhou, uxelele iintatheli ukuba ixabiso lombona lalixabisa i-1.2 yuan ngekati nganye ekuqaleni konyaka ophelileyo, kwaye ixabiso lemarike kuphela. malunga ne-0.75 yuan. Iingcali ezifanelekileyo ezivela kwiKomiti yezoLimo yePhondo zikholelwa ukuba ngokwembono yangoku, njengengqolowa yezityalo eziphambili, kuyimfuneko ukuphepha "ubunzima bokuthengisa ukutya". Ukongeza kwimilinganiselo emininzi, ukuze ulungiselele ukubeka kunye nokunyusa umthamo wokuqokelelwa kunye nokugcinwa, kukwayimfuneko ukunyusa umthamo wokuvelisa ukutya okuziinkozo kushishino olusezantsi. Ukukwazi. Njengokufikelela okuphakathi kunye nokusezantsi kokutya, amashishini e-ethanol anokuqhuba ngokupheleleyo imarike yeenkozo. Ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukuveliswa kokutya, ukugaywa okufanelekileyo kwempahla yemveliso yezolimo, ukuze unikezelo lwezolimo-uhlaziyo lwecala lunokuphunyezwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-13-2022