Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkungu yelizwe lam ibe yindlela. Ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho womoya, urhulumente uye wazisa ngenkuthalo iindlela ezahlukeneyo zolawulo. Ngokumalunga neemeko zelizwe lam, njengomnini wemveliso yeemoto zehlabathi kunye neentengiso, irhasi yemoto ngomnye wemithombo ebalulekileyo yongcoliseko olubangela inkungu. Ugxininiso lomgaqo-nkqubo lukwajikelezwe malunga nokuphuma kombhobho wemoto. Ukuze kulawulwe ngokukuko ukukhutshwa kweemoto, kwelinye icala, urhulumente uye wakhuthaza ngokuqhubekayo ukuphuculwa komgangatho weemveliso zeoyile. Kulindeleke ukuba imveliso yeoli ecocekileyo iya kwamkelwa ngoJanuwari 1, 2017; ngakolunye uhlangothi, izithuthi zamandla amatsha zixabiswa kakhulu kwaye isantya sophuhliso siye sakhawuleza; Ukongeza kula manqanaba mabini aphambili angentla, ipetroli ye-ethanol isanda kubuyela kumbono wabantu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ye-ethanol yenye yeendlela zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kombhobho
Ipetroli ye-Ethanol ngumthombo omtsha wamandla ongomnye owakhiwe yi-ethanol yamafutha kunye nepetroli eqhelekileyo exutywe kumlinganiselo othile weenkozo kunye neentsinga zezityalo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokwemigangatho kazwelonke, i-ethanol petroli idityaniswe ne-90% yepetroli eqhelekileyo kunye ne-10% ye-ethanol yamafutha. Xa kuthelekiswa nepetroli eqhelekileyo, umxholo we-carbon monoxide usebenzisa i-ethanol petroli ungancitshiswa nge-2/3. Ngokomzekelo, inani langoku leemoto eShanghai lifikelele kwizigidi ezi-3 zezithuthi. Ukuba i-ethanol petroli ikhuthazwa ngokupheleleyo, isixa se-carbon dioxide ekhutshwa yirhasi yomsila ilingana ne-2 yezigidi zezithuthi ezisebenzisa i-petroli eqhelekileyo. Ke ngoko, ukusebenzisa i-ethanol petroli ikwayindlela ebalulekileyo yokunciphisa ungcoliseko lwerhasi yomsila. Indlela.
UTexas kunye neZhanjiang, iShandong kunye neGuangdong bajoyine umkhosi wepetroli ye-ethanol
Ekuqaleni kukaDisemba, ukwenzela ukulungelelanisa isakhiwo samandla kunye nokunceda ukuphucula imeko ye-atmospheric, i-Ofisi yeMicimbi yezoMthetho yoRhulumente wePhondo laseShandong ibhengeze "Amanyathelo okusetyenziswa kwe-Vehide Eller Passenger Eleneol petroli (iDrafti eHlaziyiweyo yoLwaphulo oluHlaziyiweyo)", kwaye icetywayo eJinan, eZaozhuang, eTai'an, eJining, eLinyi, eTexas, eLiaocheng, nakwiiseti ezisi-8 zezixeko oomasipala kwiiseti ezisi-8 zezithili eHeze bakhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli yemoto yepetroli yemoto. Phakathi kwabo, iTexas yongezwa ngokutsha. Kugqitywe nguRhulumente waBantu bePhondo ukuba akhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli yemoto ukuze isetyenziswe kwezinye iindawo zolawulo. IsiXeko saseZhanjiang, eGuangdong siceba ukukhuthaza i-ethylene petroli ukusuka ngoMatshi ka-2016.
Amaphondo ali-9 ziindawo zovavanyo
Enyanisweni, ukukhuthazwa kwepetroli ye-ethanol kuye kwakhuthazwa ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi. Kwango-2002, umsebenzi wokuqala wokulinga waqala. Ezinye izixeko kumaphondo amathathu akumntla-mpuma kunye namaphondo amahlanu aphambili ezolimo eShandong naseHenan ziye zayikhuthaza i-ethanol petroli. Enyakeni, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ye-ethanol kunyuke ukuya kumaphondo ali-9. Phakathi kwawo, amaphondo amahlanu eHeilongjiang, eJilin, eLiaoning, eHenan, naseAnhui aye avavanywa kweli phondo, yaye iHebei, iShandong, iJiangsu, neHubei zalingwa kwezinye iindawo zelo phondo.
Isabelo semarike yezinto ezingeloncedo siyehla ngokuthe ngcembe
Emva kokukhuthazwa kwendawo yepetroli ye-ethanol, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamandla kunye nokubola, kukho amazwi amaninzi angavumelaniyo noluntu, okukhokelela ekuthengisweni okungahambi kakuhle, kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kweendleko eziphezulu, kunye nokuhlanjululwa kolawulo kunye ukuphuculwa komgangatho weoli esulungekisiweyo, umgangatho weemveliso zeoli esulungekisiweyo uphuculwa. Umda wokusetyenziswa kwepetroli ye-ethanol uya usiba mncinane. Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezifanelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwangoku kwepetroli ye-ethanol kwiPhondo laseShandong kubalela ngaphantsi kwe-10% yetotali iyonke.
Amaphondo alithoba asebenzisa ipetroli ye-ethanol akhuthazwa ngokupheleleyo kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala yokubeka iliso, kodwa ke uhlolo lwehliswa. Ukongeza, i-petroli ye-ethanol kufuneka ithengwe kwishishini eliphambili. Nge-Sinopec, i-PetroChina kunye ne-Shandong Refined petroli isasazeka, ukusasazeka kwexabiso lepetroli kuye kwandiswa. Iingeniso ezithengiswayo kwizikhululo zerhasi zoluntu ziye zancitshiswa kakhulu, kwaye ukwamkelwa kwemarike kukubi. Ke ngoko, uninzi lwabo luguqukele eShandong ukuya kuthenga ipetroli ecocekileyo. Ukususela ngo-2008, kuphela izikhululo zegesi eziphambili eziye zaqhubeka nokuthengisa i-ethanol petroli. Ukukhuthaza eyona ntengiso iphambili yepetroli ye-ethanol kube nefuthe kakhulu, kwaye isixa sokuthunyelwa kwepetroli kumazwe angaphandle siye sancitshiswa kakhulu. Ngokutsho kweSiqithi seGolden kunye neSilivere, ezinye iiyunithi eShandong naseHenan zichaze ukuba umthamo we-wholesale uyancipha nge-30-4%.
Unyuso olukhulu lufuna inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo
Ukukhuthaza i-ethanol ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokuphucula umgangatho wokusingqongileyo, kodwa ukukhuthazwa komgangatho omkhulu kusenzima. Eyokuqala kukuba amashishini amabini aphambili lijelo lokuthengwa kwepetroli ye-ethanol. Ngaphantsi kokungabikho kokhuphiswano lweemarike, ixabiso lepetroli ye-ethanol likwizinga eliphezulu kwaye liya kunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo inzuzo yabasebenzisi bokuthengisa be-ethanol petroli. Okwesibini kukuba abathengi abaninzi abakayiqondi i-ethanol petroli.
Njengoko ukubaluleka kukarhulumente kwimekobume ye-atmospheri kuya kusiba phezulu nangaphezulu, ukubekwa kweliso kwimakethi yeoli esulungekisiweyo kuya kuba ngqongqo kwinqanaba elizayo. Ukuphendula ekungaqondwani kokuqonda kwabasebenzisi bokuphela kwepetroli ye-ethanol, ukuba urhulumente uyaluphucula upapasho, ukwandiswa okuhambelanayo kolwazi loluntu ngepetroli ye-ethanol. Ukongeza, utshintsho olusuka kwintengiso evaliweyo ukuya kuhlobo oluvulekileyo lwenze ukuba i-ethanol yepetroli ijolise kwimarike, kwaye isibonelelo semali esifanelekileyo sinikezelwa, ngaloo ndlela sandise isabelo semarike sepetroli ye-ethanol.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-15-2023